pom.xml

    <!--    环境不稳定，追加阿里云-->
        <repositories>
            <repository>
                <id>aliyun</id>
                <name>aliyun</name>
                <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/respository/public</url>
            </repository>
        </repositories>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

web.xml

<!-- DispatchServlet-->
<!-- DispatcherServlet=邮局,springMVC核心对象，用于拦截http请求，根据url调用对应的controller方法，来完成http请求-->

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--    applicationContext.xml-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--    load-on-startup=0,web应用启动是自动创建springIOC容器，并初始化DispatchServlet-->
        <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!--    /拦截所有请求-->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

applicationContext.xml

resources>applicationContext.xml

三行代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mv="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--    注解，@Respository与数据交互DAO类上，@Service业务逻辑类，@Controller控制器类，@Component组件-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
    <!--    开启注解开发，springMVC-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--    将图片，js，css排除在外，提高执行效率，springMVC-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
</beans>

新建,src--main--java--com.imooc.springmvc.controller

新建一个class，TestController

package com.imooc.springmvc.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class TestController {
    @GetMapping("/test")
    @ResponseBody //直接向响应输出字符串，不跳转页面
    public String test(){
        return "springmvc success";
    }
}